Izvleček
Bralna pismenost je bila v projektu OBJEM opredeljena podobno kot v Nacionalni strategiji za razvoj pismenosti in v mednarodnih raziskavah bralne pismenosti (PISA, PIRLS), tj. kot trajno razvijajoča se zmožnost posameznikov za sprejemanje, razumevanje, tvorjenje in uporabo besedil za življenje v družini, šoli, na delovnem mestu in v družbi. Pridobljeno znanje in spretnosti ter razvite sposobnosti uporabe pisnih informacij, njihovega razumevanja in kritičnega vrednotenja posamezniku omogočajo uspešno in ustvarjalno osebnostno rast ter odgovorno delovanje v poklicnem in družbenem življenju. Bralna pismenost je osnova vseh drugih pismenosti in ima bistven pomen pri mišljenju in učenju. Z uveljavljanjem pomena vseživljenjskega učenja bralna pismenost ni več zmožnost, ki jo pridobimo v otroštvu ali v zgodnjih letih šolanja, temveč je zmožnost, ki se pridobiva, razvija, poglablja in nadgrajuje vse življenje. Razvite bralne zmožnosti zagotavljajo dvig splošnih kompetenc učencev na vseh stopnjah šolanja in jim omogočajo uspešno vključevanje v družbo ter kasneje tudi neposredno na trg dela. V projektu Bralna pismenost in razvoj slovenščine − OBJEM smo tudi zaradi sodelovanja strokovnjakov z različnih področij zmogli pogledati na bralno pismenost nekoliko drugače in s sodelujočimi vrtci in šolami iskali rešitve, kateri didaktični pristopi pripomorejo k dvigu ravni bralne pismenosti.
Abstract
Reading Literacy at Classroom Level: Comprehensive Overview and Specificssa
The definition of Reading literacy in the OBJEM project is much the same as the one offered by the National Literacy Strategy and international surveys of literacy (PISA, PIRLS), i.e., it is an individual’s continuously developing capacity to receive, comprehend, produce, and use texts for life in the family, at school, in the workplace, and in society. The knowledge and skills gained, and the abilities developed to use, comprehend, and critically analyse written information, help the individual grow as a successful and creative person and act responsibly in professional and social life. Reading literacy is the foundation for all other literacies and is essential for thinking and learning. With the importance of lifelong learning, reading literacy is no longer a skill acquired in childhood or the early years of education but one acquired, developed, deepened, and built upon throughout life. Developing reading competencies guarantees that students’ general competencies are raised at all levels of education, allowing them to integrate successfully into society and, eventually, directly into the labour market. We were able to look at reading literacy in a slightly different light thanks to the cooperation of experts from various fields, and we worked with the participating kindergartens and schools to find solutions on the didactic approaches that contribute to raising the level of reading literacy.