Povzetek
Opazovalci medvrstniškega nasilja (MVN) so lahko pomemben preventivni dejavnik pri preprečevanju nasilja. Delimo jih na aktivne in pasivne spodbujevalce povzročitelja1, ignorante in zagovornike žrtve. V raziskavi sem preverjala, kako empatija, osebna stališča do nasilja, samoučinkovitost za branjenje, zaznana stališča sošolcev o nasilju in šolska klima prispevajo k vlogi opazovalca MVN. Rezultati so pokazali, da k aktivnemu spodbujevalcu povzročitelja pomembno prispevata šolska klima in empatija; k pasivnemu spodbujevalcu empatija in osebna stališča do nasilja; ignorantu razredne norme in samoučinkovitost za branjenje; k zagovorniku žrtve pa samoučinkovitost, empatija in šolska klima.
Abstract
Role of Emotional-Motivational Factors in the Behaviour of Observers of Peer Violence
Observers of peer violence may act as an important preventive factor in violence prevention. They are divided into active and passive encouragers of the bully, into ignorers, and into advocates of the victim. This study was conducted to examine how empathy, personal attitudes towards violence, effectiveness in defending oneself, the perceived attitudes of classmates towards violence, and the school climate contribute to the role of an observer of peer violence. The results have shown that an active encourager of the bully is significantly shaped by school climate and empathy; a passive encourager by empathy and personal attitudes towards violence; an ignorer by classroom norms and effectiveness in defending oneself; and an advocate of the victim by self-effectiveness, empathy and school climate.