Učenje veščin kritičnega mišljenja – ne le vzgojno-izobraževalna možnost, temveč temeljna pravica vsakega učenca

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Kritično mišljenje je imperativ prostora in časa, v katerem živimo, saj posamezniku omogoča učinkovito, participatorno ter odgovorno sobivanje v sodobnosti. Učiteljevo poslanstvo je, da učence v tem procesu podpira, zato je poučevanje za kritično mišljenje osrednji izziv poučevanja. Razlag o tem, kaj kritično mišljenje natanko je, je mnogo, iz njih pa izhajajo raznovrstne prakse v poučevanju. V članku področje predstavimo analitično, s perspektive avtorjev, ki kritično mišljenje pojmujejo kot vrsto miselnih procesov in veščin. Pod drobnogled namreč postavimo nekaj temeljnih miselnih procesov, ki se v procesih iskanja odgovorov na raznovrstna vprašanja, raziskovanja in odkrivanja nenehno prepletajo in ki jih posameznik lahko uporablja bolj ali manj vešče. Poznavanje teh procesov učitelju pomaga, da kreira naloge in dejavnosti, ki jih izzovejo, s tem pa ustvarja priložnost za njihovo vse bolj veščo uporabo.

Abstract

Learning Critical Thinking Skills – Not Merely for Educational Purposes, but as Basic Right of Every Student

Critical thinking is the imperative of the space and time which we live in, enabling each individual to live effectively, participatory, and responsibly in the modern-day world. Each teacher’s task is to support their students in this process, which is why teaching students to think critically is the main challenge of the teaching process itself. There are numerous definitions of critical thinking, out of which many different teaching practices are derived. In this article, the topic is presented analytically, from the perspective of authors who see critical thinking as a type of thinking processes and skills. We take a closer look at some basic thinking processes, which are constantly interlaced in the process of seeking answers to various questions, through researches and discoveries, and which are more or less skillfully applied by individuals. By being familiar with these processes, teachers can create assignments and activities that challenge them even further, thus creating an opportunity for a more skilled use.