Pouk zgodovine spodbuja razvijanje ustvarjalnosti učencev

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Ustvarjalnost je veščina, potrebna za uspešno spopadanje z izzivi vsakdanjega življenja. Članek predstavlja, kako in koliko lahko k razvijanju ustvarjalnosti pripomore učitelj zgodovine. Učitelji v veliki meri vplivamo na razvoj znanja, veščin in samopodobe učencev. Prav zaradi slednje je pomembno, da pri pouku ustvarjamo varno učno okolje, kjer učenci lahko ostajajo zvedavi in (se) sprašujejo. Mnogi strokovnjaki pišejo o pomembnosti razvijanja ustvarjalnosti in naloga učitelja v šoli 21. stoletja je, da ta razvoj pri učencih spodbuja. Pri pouku lahko v ta namen uporabimo metode pogovora, pripovedovanja, igre in vizualizacije ali naloge, kot so nevihta možganov, zapisovanje idej, naloge spreminjanja gradiva, naloge iznajdljivosti in konstrukcije, iskanje vzrokov in posledic ter igranje vlog. Učenci želijo o zgodovini vedeti več, še posebej o manj znanih in zanimivih dogodkih. To je odlično izhodišče za usmerjanje k samostojnemu raziskovanju ter ustvarjalnosti. V prispevku predstavljamo lastne primere razvijanja ustvarjalnosti, ki potrjujejo, da je pouk zgodovine lahko odlična priložnost, da med učenci vzbudimo vedoželjnost in jih spodbudimo k ustvarjanju in iskanju novih idej.

Abstract

History Lessons Promote Students’ Creativity

Creativity is a skill that is needed to successfully deal with the challenges of everyday life. The article shows how and how much a history teacher can help to develop creativity. Teachers greatly infl uence the development of students’ knowledge, skills and self-image. On account of the latter, we must create a safe learning environment in class, where students can stay inquisitive and ask (themselves) questions. Many experts have writt en about the importance of developing creativity; it is the role of teachers in 21st-century schools to encourage this development in their students. During lessons we can use the following to achieve this: the methods of conversation, storytelling, play and visualisation; or exercises such as brainstorming, writing down ideas, altering the materials, exercises in resourcefulness and construction, searching for cause and eff ect, and roleplay. Students want to learn more about history, especially about the less known and interesting events. It is an excellent stepping stone towards independent research and creativity. The article presents the author’s own examples of developing creativity, which confirm that history lessons provide an excellent opportunity to trigger a thirst for knowledge in the students and to encourage them to create and come up with new ideas.