Povzetek
Pomoč z glasbo je hitro razvijajoča se oblika pomoči z umetnostjo, katere pristopov se prvenstveno poslužujejo strokovnjaki s področja psihosocialnega svetovanja, specialne pedagogike in rehabilitacije. V zadnjem času se vse bolj pojavlja tudi v okviru šolstva za dosego raznih vzgojno-izobraževalnih ciljev. Glasba je tesno vpeta v šolsko okolje in se v osnovnošolskem izobraževanju pojavlja v obliki predmeta glasbena umetnost, ki predstavlja obvezni del osnovnošolskega programa. To odpira široke možnosti uvedbe pristopov pomoči z glasbo v šolski prostor, saj na eni strani spodbuja razvoj učenčevih kognitivnih funkcij kot sta spomin in pozornost, hkrati pa pripomore h krepitvi psihološkega in socialnega blagostanja učencev. V članku se osredotočamo na možnosti uporabe pristopov pomoči z glasbo pri delu z učenci s primanjkljaji na posameznih področjih učenja v okviru treh vrst dodatne strokovne pomoči – pri svetovanju, pri premagovanju primanjkljajev, ovir oziroma motenj ter pri učni pomoči.
Abstract
Using Musical Approaches to Help Pupils with Deficiencies in Individual Learning Areas
Music therapy is a fast-growing form of therapy. Its approaches are mainly used by experts from the field of psycho-social counselling, special education and rehabilitation. Recently music therapy has also become more frequently employed in the school settings with the aim of supporting a number of educational goals. As music itself is intensly involved in the educational environment—a music course is a mandatory part of elementary education—, this widens the possibilities of using music therapy approaches in schools, where it both encourages the development of students’ cognitive functions such as memory and attention, and helps to strengthen the psychological and social well-being of pupils. In this paper, we focus on how music therapy approaches can be used in work with students with learning disabilities in the context of three types of interventions: in counselling, in overcoming the specific learning disabilities, and through teaching assistance.