Učiti se iz zgodovine in o njej na primarni stopnji

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Izvleček

Ko se je konec osemdesetih let v Avstriji in tudi zunaj nje razplamtela razprava o tem, kako se soočiti s preteklostjo in njenimi narativi, je bilo v središče diskusije postavljeno tudi (institucionalno) izobraževalno delo oz. šolski pouk kot osrednji posrednik zgodovinskopolitičnih in družbenopolitičnih vsebin in vprašanj. Od takrat se znanstveniki in znanstvenice, pedagogi in pedagoginje ter didaktični strokovnjaki in strokovnjakinje ukvarjajo z vprašanjem, kako lahko in kako je treba oblikovati pouk o zgodovini in njenih pripovedih tako, da je zanimiv in privlačen za mlajšo generacijo. Čeprav je bila ta razprava sprva omejena samo na področje srednje- oz. višješolskega izobraževanja, že nekaj desetletij obstaja široko soglasje o tem, da je mogoče prve temelje za obravnavanje zgodovine in spominjanja postaviti in obdelati tudi že na osnovnošolski stopnji. Pričujoči članek obravnava tako teoretična kot tudi pedagoškopraktična vprašanja o poučevanju o preteklosti in spominskih kulturah z mladimi učenci in učenkami.

Abstract

Learning from and about History in Primary School

When a discussion opened up at the end of the 1980s within and outside Austria about the way to deal with the past and its narratives, (institutional) education work, i.e. school classes, was also at the centre of the discussion as the main intermediary for historical and social political content and issues. Since then, scientists, educators and didactic experts have been tackling the question of how can and should history classes, including historical narratives, be developed in order to be interesting and appealing to the younger generation. Although this discussion was first limited only to the secondary school and higher education, a broader agreement has now been in place for several decades that the first foundations for educating about history and remembrance can be laid and learned at the primary school level as well. The article addresses both theoretical and practical aspects of teaching young students about the past and cultures of remembrance.