Na naravi temelječe rešitve za zmanjševanje vplivov poplav


https://doi.org/10.59132/geo/2024/2/30-37

Izvleček

Zaradi naraščajočih izzivov, povezanih s padavinsko vodo, ki povzroča poplave, je potrebno preiti na pristope zadrževanja padavinske vode tam, kjer pade, in s tem preprečiti ploskovni odtok. Le-ta ima katastrofalne posledice, ki se kažejo v poplavah in eroziji pobočij ter v degradaciji vodotokov. V prispevku so prikazani enostavni, a zelo učinkoviti načini, s katerimi bi lahko varno živeli na poplavno ogroženih območjih. Imenujemo jih na naravi temelječe rešitve ali nature based solutions (NbS) ali kratko naravne rešitve. Izhajajo iz posnemanja delovanja narave in prinašajo ekosistemske koristi ter imajo družbeno vrednost, saj pripomorejo k boljši kakovosti bivanja z obnavljanjem ekosistemskih storitev. V praksi so premalo upoštevane, saj niso kapitalsko zanimive za investitorje. Zato vidimo veliko potrebo po izobraževanju o NbS, kar bo v pomoč pri odločitvah v lokalnih in regionalnih okoljih za zmanjšanje posledic poplav.

Abstract

Nature-based Solutions to Reduce Impacts of Flooding

The increasing challenges associated with rainwater that causes flooding require a shift towards approaches that retain rainwater where it falls, preventing sheet flow. The latter leads to catastrophic consequences in terms of flooding, erosion of slopes and stream degradation. This paper shows simple but very effective ways to live safely in flood-prone areas, called Nature-based solutions (NbS) or natural solutions for short. They mimic how nature works, benefit ecosystems, and have social value as they contribute to a better quality of life by restoring ecosystem services. In practice, they are under-recognised as they are not capital-intensive for investors. Therefore, we see a great need for education on NbS to help decision-making in local and regional environments to reduce the impacts of floods.