https://doi.org/10.59132/vviz/2019/3/61-74
Abstract
Psychiatrists in Poland are becoming increasingly alarmed about deteriorating mental health of children and adolescents in Poland. The foundation for building and developing psychosocial health of children and adolescents is the family environment. However, it is important to remember that school is also an important part of that environment. Educational institutions should therefore be places that engage in comprehensive actions to protect the mental health of children and adolescents, with all members of the organization getting involved in the process. Mental health must be recognized as an important issue in student development. There is also a need to build a culture of openness and understanding, as well as to promote pro-health attitudes and behaviors, and to promote mental health education. Therefore, it is worth considering how Polish educational leaders deal with the growing mental problems among their students. How do they manage the school’s mental health programme for children and young people? To that end, a desk research was performed by searching for nationwide programmes for mental health protection for children and adolescents and a survey was conducted among Polish school principals to find out what specific protection and education measures regarding pupils’ mental health are being taken. The results of the conducted research show that both education and protection concerning the mental health of children and youth in Poland are insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify and intensify the activities undertaken. The results and conclusions may be useful for policymakers in establishing mental health protection programmes for children and adolescents, as well as for school leaders. Moreover, the results provide an excellent basis for further research and may therefore be of interest to researchers. This article is also addressed at those interested in prevention of mental health issues in children and adolescents.
Povzetek
Načini upravljanja programov duševnega zdravja otrok in mladostnikov po vzoru iz šol na Poljskem
Psihiatri na Poljskem so vse bolj zaskrbljeni zaradi poslabšanja duševnega zdravja otrok in mladostnikov. Temelj za gradnjo in razvoj psihosocialnega zdravja otrok in mladostnikov je družinsko okolje, vendar pa se je potrebno zavedati, da je pomemben del tega okolja tudi šola. Zato bi se morale izobraževalne ustanove ukvarjati s celovitimi ukrepi za zaščito duševnega zdravja otrok in mladostnikov, pri čemer bi morali v proces vključiti vse člane organizacije. Duševno zdravje je treba prepoznati kot pomemben dejavnik pri razvoju učencev. Prav tako je treba zgraditi kulturo odprtosti in razumevanja, pa tudi spodbujati zdravju prijazna stališča in vedenja, ter vzpodbujati izobraževanje na področju duševnega zdravja. Zato se je vredno poglobiti v način, na katerega se vodilni s področja izobraževanja na Poljskem spopadajo z naraščajočimi duševnimi težavami med svojimi učenci. Kako upravljajo šolski program duševnega zdravja za otroke in mlade? V ta namen je bila izvedena teoretična raziskava z iskanjem državnih programov za zaščito duševnega zdravja otrok in mladostnikov, med ravnatelji pa je bila izvedena anketa o izvedbi posebnih ukrepov zaščite in izobraževanja na področju duševnega zdravja. Rezultati izvedene raziskave kažejo, da tako izobraževanje kot zaščita na področju duševnega zdravja otrok in mladine na Poljskem nista zadovoljiva. Zato je treba dejavnost povečati in okrepiti. Rezultati in sklepi so lahko koristni za oblikovalce politike programov zaščite duševnega zdravja za otroke in mladostnike, pa tudi za vodstva posameznih šol. Poleg tega rezultati zagotavljajo odlično osnovo za nadaljnje raziskave in so zaradi tega zanimivi za raziskovalce. Ta članek je namenjen tudi vsem, ki jih zanima preprečevanje duševnih težav pri otrocih in mladostnikih.