Izvleček
Tik pred koncem druge svetovne vojne, konec aprila 1945, se je na gorski kmetiji družine Sadovnik zgodil eden zadnjih nacionalsocialističnih vojnih zločinov nad koroškoslovenskimi civilisti. Pokol na Peršmanovi domačiji se je po koncu vojne globoko vtisnil v spomin koroških Slovencev in postal simbol kolektivnih izkušenj trpljenja pod nacističnim režimom. Na zločin opozarja leta 1965 na hišo pritrjena spominska plošča, na začetku osemdesetih let pa je bil v prostorih Peršmanove domačije urejen skromen muzej, ki se je v preteklih desetletjih razvil v osrednji kraj spominjanja in kritičnega preučevanja zgodovine (dvojezične) Koroške. V letu 2022 obhaja muzej svojo štiridestetletnico obstoja, aprila 2022 pa je bila 80. obletnica prisiljenega pregnanstva 227 družin koroških slovenskih družin v času nacizma.* Muzej na Peršmanovi domačiji je do danes edini avstrijski muzej s stalno razstavo, namenjeno usodi koroške slovenske manjšine in partizanskemu odporu med drugo svetovno vojno.
* Poseben seznam vseh izseljenih družin, ki so jih nacisti v aprilskih dneh 1942 nasilno pregnali z njihovih bivališč, nudi na primer spletna stran Zveze slovenskih pregnancev (ZSP) (https://www.pregnanci.at/sl/home-2/prisilno-izseljevanje-1942-1945/izseljene_ druzine_1942). Aprila 2022 je ZSP ob 80. obletnici pregona sestavila poseben program spominskih prireditev.
Abstract
The Peršman homestead in Železna Kapla/Bad Eisenkappel as an international place of remembrance
Just before World War II ended, in late April 1945, one of the last Nazi war crimes against Slovenian civilians in Carinthia took place at a mountain farm owned by the Sadovnik family. Th e massacre at the Peršman Homestead became deeply imprinted in the memory of Carinthian Slovenes aft er the war, becoming a symbol of collective experiences with suff ering under the Nazi regime. A memorial plaque, which was mounted on the house in 1965, tells of this crime. In the early Eighties, a humble museum was set up in the rooms of the Peršman Homestead; over the past decades, it has evolved into the main place of remembrance and critical study of the history of (bilingual) Carinthia. The museum is celebrating its 40th anniversary in 2022; in April 2022, we commemorated the 80th anniversary of the exile of 227 Slovenian-speaking Carinthian families under Nazism.* The museum at the Peršman Homestead is currently the only Austrian museum with a permanent exhibition devoted to the fate of the Slovenian minority in Carinthia and to the Partisan resistance during World War II.
* A special list of all the deported families that were forced from their homes by the Nazis in April 1942 is given on the website of the Association of Slovenian Exiles (Zveza slovenskih pregnancev – ZSP) (https://www.pregnanci.at/sl/home-2/prisilnoizseljevanje-1942-1945/izseljene_druzine_1942). In April 2022, on the 80th anniversary of the exile, ZSP prepared a special programme of commemorative events.