Izvleček
Javni, vidni spomin in obeleževanje sta vedno podvržena prevladujočemu diskurzu, na primer nacionalnemu. Odličen primer sta nekdanji koncentracijski taborišči Ljubelj/Loibl sever v Avstriji in Ljubelj/Loibl jug v Sloveniji. Na južnem delu Ljubeljskega predora je bil že leta 1954 ob nekdanjem taboriščnem prostoru postavljen spomenik J’accuse – Obtožujem. Od tedaj ob spomeniku vsako leto potekajo spominske slovesnosti. Na severni strani predora je bila od sredine šestdesetih let 20. stoletja nameščena samo spominska plošča neposredno ob severnem vhodu v predor, ki pa je bila slabo vidna. Letna obeležja potekajo šele od poznih devetdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja. V današnji Sloveniji je za ohranjanje dediščine pooblaščen javni zavod Tržiški muzej, na avstrijski strani zasebno Društvo Mauthausen Kärnten/Koroška. V uspešnem čezmejnem sodelovanju obeh ustanov se spreminja nekdanje koncentracijsko taborišče na Ljubelju v učne prostore. V pričujočem članku predstavimo zgodovino nekdanjega koncentracijskega taborišča na Ljubelju ter današnjo organizacijsko strukturo ohranjanja te zgodovinske dediščine na obeh straneh meje in (skupna) prizadevanja obeh zavodov in organizacij. Članek zaokrožijo pri pouku uporabna pričevanja oseb, ki predstavljajo most do zgodovine in prispevajo k boljšem razumevanju šolarjev in šolark o zgodovinskem dogajanju.
Abstract
Former Concentration Camp Ljubelj/Loibl North as a Carinthian Memorial in Slovenia and Austria
Public, visible memory and commemoration are always subject to the dominant discourse, e.g., national discourse. The former concentration camps Ljubelj/Loibl North in Austria and Ljubelj/Loibl South in Slovenia are excellent examples of this. In the southern section of the Ljubelj Tunnel the monument J’accuse – Obtožujem (I Accuse)was erected as early as 1954 on the site of the former camp. Since then, commemorative ceremonies have been held at the monument each year. On the northern side of the tunnel a memorial plaque was placed next to the north entrance in the mid-1960s but it is hardly noticeable. Annual commemorations have been held only since the late 1990s. The public institution Tržič Museum is in charge of heritage preservation in present-day Slovenia; on the Austrian side the private society Društvo Mauthausen Komitee Kärnten/Koroška is in charge of it. Through the successful cross border collaboration between both institutions, the former concentration camp in Ljubelj is becoming a place of learning. The article presents the history of the former concentration camp in Ljubelj, the current organisational structure of the preservation of this historical heritage on both sides of the border, and the (joint) efforts of both institutions and organisations. The article ends with first-hand accounts that can be used during lessons, as they represent a bridge to history and improve schoolchildren’s understanding of historical events.